以 — by means of, because, in view of, compared with

Readings

On'yomi

イ

Kun'yomi

もっ.て

Example words

• 以来いらいsince; henceforth
• 以内いないwithin; inside of; less than
• 以前いぜんago; since; before; previous
• 以下いか(1) not exceeding; and downward; ... and below (2) below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level) (3) the below-mentioned; the following; the rest
• 以後いご(1) after this; from now on; hereafter (2) thereafter; since (verb) (after -te form of verb); after (time); since (then)
• 以上いじょう(1) not less than; ... and more; ... and upwards (2) beyond ... (e.g. one's means); further (e.g. nothing further to say); more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that) (3) above-mentioned; foregoing (4) since ...; seeing that ... (5) this is all; that is the end; the end
• 以降いこうon and after; as from; hereafter; thereafter; since
• 以外いがいwith the exception of; excepting